Research Article

Effect of Time of Seed - Bed Preparation on Soil Properties and Performance of Water Yam in Owerri Southeast, Nigeria

Ekpe, I I1*, Oti, N.N1, Ishiusah O. W,1, Egboka, N.T1, Nwankwo V.C.1, Iheka, W. C2, Aguwa, O U3, Orji A.1
1 Department of Soil Science and Technology, School of Agriculture & Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Technology, PMB 1526, Owerri, Imo State
2 Department of Soil Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of technology, P.M.B 1526 ,Owerri, Nigeria.
3 Biotechnology Resource and Development Centre, National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Umuahia
* Corresponding author: Ibiamik@yahoo.com
Published: Aug, 2021
DOI: 10.67042/njss.2021.uaxvm43v
Pages: 41-50
Views: 472
Downloads: 682

Abstract

Field experiment was conducted between the months of February and November, 2016 to evaluate the effect of age of seed-bed preparation on soil properties and performance of water yam in Owerri, southeastern Nigeria. Treatments consisted of four time of seed-bed preparations namely 0, 3, 6, and 9 weeks intervals, laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Se- lected physical and chemical properties of the soil and agronomic parameters of the test crop such as tuber yield (TY) and tuber number (TN) were measured. Data generated were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the signifi- cant means separated using the Fisher’s Least Significant Difference (FLSD) at P=0.05. The statistical results showed that at harvest, the 0 week and 3 weeks tillage intervals significantly improved the tuber yield and tuber number, respec- tively. Again, the result of the seed-bed preparation at post-harvest revealed that the 0 week interval proved to cause the highest improvement of the soil physical and chemical properties. Essentially, the effect of age of seed-bed preparation on soil C/N ratio indicate that the 3 weeks interval treatment increased the C/N ratio. It was concluded that the 3 weeks tillage treatment showed the highest level of improvement of both the tuber yield and the soil C/N ratio at post-harvest seed- bed preparation, while the 0 week treatment recorded the highest improvement of the tuber number at harvest and of the soil physical and chemical properties at post-harvest, for most of the studied parameters.

Keywords

Age Preparation seed-bed Tillage water-yam

References

  1. Adeoye, G. O. and Agboola, A. A. (1985). Critical Levels of Soil pH, Available P, K, P, Cu and Mn in Maize Ear Leaf Content of P, Cu and Mn in Sedimentary Soil of Southwest Nigeria. Fertilizer Research, 6: 65-71.
  2. Adeyemo A. J. and Agele S. O. (2010). Effects of tillage and manure application on soil physicochemical properties and yield of maize grown on a degraded intensively tilled alfisol in southwestern Nigeria. Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management, Vol. 1 (8), pp. 205-216.
  3. Agbede, T. M. (2006). Effect of tillage on soil properties and yam yield on an Alfisol in southwestern Nigeria.Soil and Tillage Research, Volume 86, Issue 1, Pages 1-8.
  4. Akinride, E. A. and Obigbesan, G. O. (2000). Evaluation of Fertility Status of Selected Soil for Crop Production in Five Ecological Zones of Western, Nigeria. Proc. of the 26th Annual Conference of the Soil Sci. Soc. of Nig. held at the University of Ibadan, from October 30-November 3. 279-288.
  5. Augie M. A., Audu M., Sanda A. R. and Ahmed I. (2014). Fertility Assessment and Management Recommendations of the Flood Plain Soils of Kebbi State, North Western, Nigeria. Proc. of the 38th Annual Conference of the Soil Sci. Soc. of Nig. held at the University of Uyo, Uyo, from March 10-14, 2014.
  6. Avwunudiogba A (2000). A comparative analysis of soil and nutrient losses on maize plant with different tillage practices in the Ikpoba river basin of south-western Nigeria. Nigerian Geographical Journal of New Series, 3(4): 199-208.
  7. Azooz,R. H. Arshad,M. A. and Franzluebbers, A. J. (1996). Pore size distribution and hydraulic conductivity affected by tillage in Northwestern Canada. Soil Science Society of America Journal, vol. 60, no. 4, pp. 1197–1201.
  8. Bahman, E. and Ginting, D. (2003). Carbon sequestration following beef cattle feedlot manure, compost and fertilizer applications. Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports, Department of Animal Science, Universities of Nebraska-Lincoln.
  9. Birkeland, P. W. (1984). Soil and Geomorphology. Oxford University Press, New York P. 14-15.
  10. Brady, C. N. (1974). The nature and Properties of Soils.8th Edition Macmillian Publishing Company, Inc. New York,
  11. Cassel, D.K. (1982). Tillage effects on soil bulk density and mechanical impedance. In "predicting tillage effects on soil physical properties and processes" ASA spl. Publ. No.44: Madison WI, USA.
  12. Chan K.Y. and Mead, J. A. (1988). Surface physical properties of a sandy loam soil under different tillage practices. Australian Journal of Soil Research, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 549–559.
  13. David D. Tarkalson, Gary W. Hergert, and Kenneth, G. C. (2006). Long-Term Effects of Tillage on Soil Chemical Properties and Grain Yields of a Dry-land Winter Wheat–Sorghum/Corn–Fallow Rotation in the Great Plains. Agronomy Journal, Vol. 98.
  14. Diby, L. N. Hgaza, K., Assa, T. A., Carsky, R., Girardin, O. and Frossard, E. (2009). Productivity of yams (DiscoreaSpp) as affected by soil fertility. Journal of Animal and plant sciences, vol.5 (2): 495-506.
  15. Duruigbo, C., Ibeabuchi, I.I. and Obiefuna, J.C. (2014). Optimum yam sett weight and poultry rate for ware yam production in mixtures. Proceedings of Crop Science Society of Nigeria 2014
  16. Esu I. E. (2010). Soil Characterization, Classification and Survey.HEBN Publishers Plc. Niger. Jour. Sci. Res. Vol. 2: 76-83.
  17. Esu, I. E., Uko, U. and Aki, E. E. (2014). Morphological, Physicochemical and Mineralogical Properties of Soils Developed from Basalt at Ikom, Cross River State, Nigeria. Proc. of the 38th Annual Conference of the Soil Sci. Soc. of Nig. held at the University of Uyo, Uyo, from March 10-14. Pp 89-100.
  18. Eshett, E.T. (1993). Wetlands and ecotones studies on land water. National Institute of Ecology, New Delhi and International Scientific Publications, New Delhi, pp: 232-234.
  19. Enwezor F.N.C., Umoh J.U., Esievo K. A. N., Halid I., Zaria L.T., Anere J.I. (2009). Survey of bovine trypanoon in the Kachia Grazing Reserve, Kaduna State, Nigeria. Vet. Parasitol. 159, 121-125.
  20. Food and Agricultural Organization, FAO (2009). FAOSTAT crop production data.http://Faost. Fao.Org.
  21. Franzluebbers, A.J.; Hons, F.M.; Zuberer, D.A. (1995). Tillage induced seasonal changes in soil physical properties affecting soil CO2 evolution under intensive cropping. Soil Till. Res. 1995, 34, 41–60.
  22. Fuentes, J. P., Flury, M., and Bezdicek, D. F. (2004). Hydraulic properties in a silt loam soil under natural prairie, conventional till, and no-till. Soil Science Society of America Journal (68) 1679-1688.
  23. Gee, G.W., and Bauder, J. W. (1986). Particle size analysis part 1. Physical and mineralogical methods, pp. 404-408. Madison, Wisconsin. U.S.A.
  24. Gomez L.A & Gomez G.O. (1984) statistic for biology and agriculture research Oxford University press UK, 84-102.
  25. Hendrix, P.F.; Han, C.R.; Groffman, P.M. (1988). Soil respiration in conventional and no-tillage agroecosystems under different winter cover crop rotations.Soil Till. Res. 1988, 12, 135–148.
  26. Hubbard, R. K., Hargrove, W. L., Lowrance, R. R., and Williams, R. G., Mullinix, B. G. (1994). Physical properties of a clayey coastal plain soil as affected by tillage.Journal of Soil and water conservation. 49, 276-283.
  27. Irene, O. B., John, N. M. and Imuk, E. A. (2014). Effect of Sole Combined Applications of Organic Manures and Urea on Soil Properties and Yield of Fluted Pumpkin (Telfairiaoccidentalis, Hook F.). NJSS/24 (1)/2014: pp125-131.
  28. Isirimah, N. O., Dickson A. A. and Ikpe F. N. (2010). Introductory Soil Chemistry and Biology for Agricultural Biotechnology.Osia International Publication Ltd. Mo and Owbamda Street, mile 3 Diobu.Pp 31-53..
  29. Jaiswal, P. C. (2011). Soil, Plant and Water Analysis.Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi-110002, India.
  30. Jansen, B. H. and Weert, R. van der (1977). The influence of fertilizers, soil organic matter and soil compaction on maize yields on the Surinam 'Zanderiji' soils. Plant and soil, 46, 445-58.
  31. Kandeler, E. Tscherko, D. and Spiegel, H. (1999). Long-term monitoring of microbial biomass, N mineralisation and enzyme activities of a chernozem under different tillage management.Biology and Fertility of Soils, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 343–351, 1999.
  32. Kang, B. T. and Wilson J.E. (1986). Effects of mound size and fertilizers on White Guinea Yam (Dioscorearotundata) in Southern Nigeria.Plant Soil. 61 (3): 318-327.
  33. Klute, A. and Dirksen C. (1986). Hydraulic conductivity and diffusivity: laboratory methods. In: SSA—SSSA methods of soil analysis, part 1. Physical and mineralogical methods. Agronomy Monograph No.9 Pp 687-734.
  34. Kolay A. K. (2000). Basic Concepts of Soil Science.Second Edition New Age International Limited, Publishers 4835/24, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi.Pp 66-72.
  35. Kowal, J. M and Kassam A.H. (1978). Agricultural ecology of Savanna: a case study of West Africa. Oxford University press.
  36. Mclean, E.O. (1982). Soil pH and lime requirement. In methods of soil analysis Part 2. Page, A.L. Miller, R.H. Keeny D. R. (eds). Amer. Society of Agronomy, Madison, WL, 199-224.
  37. McKenzie, N. J., Jacquier, D., Isbel, R. and Brown, K. (2004). Australian Soils and Landscapes: An Illustrated Compendium (CSIRO Publishing: Melbourne).
  38. Murell, S. (2018). Tillage Systems. Efficient fertilizer use manual. https://www.sswm.info/sites/default/files/reference_attachments/MURRELL%20ny%20Tillage%20Systems.pdf
  39. Nelson, D. W. and Sommers, L. E. (1982). Total carbon, organic carbon and organic matter. In: A. L. Page, R. H. Miller and D. R. Keeney (eds.) Methods of soil analysis (part 2). American Society of Agronomy. Madison, WIS. Pp 539-599..
  40. Oamen, D. E. (2004). The Influence of Tillage types on the yield of inter–cropped melon and Yam. AgroDev.Envron. Protect. Monograph. 8:5-8.
  41. Obasi, M. N., Osodeke, V. E. and Asawalam, D. O. (2014). Effect of NPK Fertilizer on Soil Properties, Growth and Yield of Cocoyam UnderIgbariam Condition. Proc. of the 38th Annual Conference of the Soil Sci. Soc. of Nig. held at the University of Uyo, Uyo, from March 10-14, 2014. Pp.264-68.
  42. Obiefuna, J.C., Okoli, N.A., Emma-Okafor, L.C., Alagba, R.A. and Ibeabuchi, I.I. (2016). Evaluation of soil amendment for sustainable seed yam production and tuber storage in Owerri, southeastern Nigeria. Journal of Multidisciplinary Engineering Science Studies Vol. 2 Issue 1, 1019 – 1024
  43. Odjugo, P. A. O. (2008). The effect of tillage systems and mulching on soil microclimate, growth and yield of yellow yam (Dioscoreacayenensis) in Midwestern Nigeria.African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 7 (24), pp. 4500-4507.
  44. Onweremadu, E.U. (2006). Application of geographic information systems (GIS) on soils and soil related environmental problem in south-eastern Nigeria. A PhD. Thesis of Soil Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 330pp.
  45. O'Sullivan, J.N. and Ernest, J. (2008).Yam Nutrition and Soil Fertility Management in the Pacific. 144 Canberra:ACIAR.
  46. Rasmussen, K.J. (1999). Impact of ploughless soil tillage on yield and soil quality: A Scandinavian review, Soil & Tillage Research, 53 (1): 3–14.
  47. Sobulo, R. A. and Osiname, O. A. (1981). Soils and Fertilizer Use in Western Nigeria.Research Bulletin. No 11. I.A.R. & T., University of Ife.
  48. Staley,T. E. (1999). Soil microbial biomass alterations during the maize silage growing season relative to tillage method. Soil Science Society of America Journal, vol. 63, no. 6, pp. 1845–1847.
  49. Thomas, G.W. (1982). Exchangeable cations, pp159-165. In A.L. page, A. Miller and D.R. Keeney (eds.). Method of soil analysis part 2. (2nded). Amer. Soc. of Agronomy and Soil Sci. of Amer. Madison, Wisconsin.
  50. Thomas, G.W. (1996). Soil pH and soil acidity. In: D. L. Sparks (eds) Methods of soil analysis part 3- chemical methods, Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Book Series 5, Madison, Wisconsin, Pp475-490.
  51. Trojan, M. D. and Linden, D. R. (1998). Macroporosity and hydraulic properties of earthworm-affected soils as influenced by tillage and residue management. Soil Science Society of America Journal, vol. 62, no. 6, pp. 1687–1692
  52. Udo, E. J., Ibia, T. O., Ogunwale, J. A., Ano, A. O., and Esu, I. E. (2009). Manual of Soil, Plant and Water Analysis. Lagos: Sibon Blocks Limited, pp. 18, 57-59, 96.
  53. Ufinomue, E. O., Nnaji, G. U. and Obazuaye, E. (2014). Aggregate and Aggregate Stability of Anwai-Asaba Soils in Delta State. Proc. of the 38th Annual Conference of the Soil Sci. Soc. of Nig. held at the University of Uyo, Uyo, from March 10-14. 151-156.
  54. Uzoho, B. U. and Oti, N.N. (2005). Phosphorus adsorption characteristics of selected southeastern Nigeria soils.Journal of Agricultural, Food, Environment and Extension. Vol. 4 (1) Pp. 50-55.
  55. Walter, W.F. (2004). The impact of tillage and planting time on the yield of red yam. J. Agric. Environ. 2(1): 53-66.
  56. Wander, M. M. M. Bidart, M. G. and Aref, S. (1998). Tillage impacts on depth distribution of total and particulate organic matter in three Illinois soil. Soil Science Society of America Journal, vol. 62, no. 6, pp. 1704–1711.
  57. Webber, R. (2010). Soil Properties as Affected by Duration of using No-tillage Systems. Post, NaukRol., 1: 63-75.
  58. Wrobel, S. and Nowak-Winiarska, K. (2007). Dostepnoseskladnikowpokarmowychdlaroslinw warumkachuproszczen W uprawieroli. Stud. Rap. IUNG-PIB, 8: 177-192.
  59. Wu, L., Swan, J. B., Paulson, W. H., and Randall, G. W. (1992). Tillage effects on measured soil hydraulic properties. Soil and tillage research 25, 17-33.
How to Cite

I, E. I., N.N, O., W,, I. O., N.T, E., V.C., N., C, I. W., U, A. O., & A., O. (2021). Effect of Time of Seed - Bed Preparation on Soil Properties and Performance of Water Yam in Owerri Southeast, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Soil Science, 31(2), 41-50. https://doi.org/10.67042/njss.2021.uaxvm43v

E. I. I, O. N.N, I. O. W,, E. N.T, N. V.C., I. W. C, A. O. U, and O. A., "Effect of Time of Seed - Bed Preparation on Soil Properties and Performance of Water Yam in Owerri Southeast, Nigeria," Nigerian Journal of Soil Science, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 41-50, August 2021. doi: 10.67042/njss.2021.uaxvm43v

Share this article:
Facebook X / Twitter LinkedIn
Download PDF Back to Articles