Research Article

Sediment Yield, Detachment, and Runoff from Soil Under Selected Parent Materials in Southeastern Nigeria

1 Department of Soil Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
2 Department of Soil Science, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria
* Corresponding author: agimlc@soilsjournalnigeria.com
Published: Apr, 2019
Pages: 35-44
Views: 487
Downloads: 719

Abstract

Soil degradation due to water erosion among other causes has been a major problem in southeastern Nigeria, therefore a study was conducted to determine sediment yield, detachment, and runoff from soil under selected parent material in southeastern Nigeria. The objective was to characterize the selected soils in terms of their physical and chemical parameters, carry out rainfall simulation, and to establish some relationships that exist among studied parameters with selected soil properties. Soil samples were collected in three replicates from twenty locations, 5 location each from 4 geologic formations namely Asu River Group, Bende Ameki Group, Coastal Plain Sand and False bedded Sandstone at a depth of 0 – 20 cm using soil auger. Standard laboratory procedures were followed for samples for routine analyses while the rest was subjected to rainfall simulation at an intensity of 190 mm / hr for a period of 30 minutes under dry and wet conditions of the soils. Result showed that significant P

References

  1. Aghamelu, O. P. Nnabo, P.N., and Ezeh H.N., 2011. Geotechnical and environmental problems related to shales in the Abakaliki area, Southeastern Nigeria. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. Vol. 5(2), 80-88.
  2. Anyadike RNC., 2002. "Climate and Vegetation" in Ofomata, G.E.K. (ed). A survey of Igbo Nation. Africana Publishers Ltd, Onitsha, 73-82.
  3. Ashaye, T.I., 1969. Sesquioxides status and particle size distribution in twelve Nigerian soils derived from sandstone. African Soils, 14: 85-96
  4. Aweto, A.O. 1982. Variability of upper slope soils. Developed under sandstones in South-western .Nig.Geogr.J. 25 27-37.
  5. Ben-Hur M., Shainberg I., Bakker D., Keren R. 1985. Effect of soil texture and CaCO3 content on water infiltra-tion in crusted soils as related to water salinity. Irrigation Science,6. 281–284.
  6. Bashari, M., Moradi H., Kheirkhah M., and Jafari-Khaledi M., 2013. Temporal Variations of Runoff and Sediment in Different Soil Clay Contents Using Simulated Conditions, Soil & Water Res., 8, 2013 (3): 124–132.
  7. Brady, N. C., and Weil, R. R. 2009. The nature and properties of soils, 13th ed. Delhi: Pearson education. 1- 990.
  8. Blanco H., and R. Lal 2010. Water Erosion. Principles of Soil Conservation and Management; Springer. 29-31.
  9. Chikezie, I. A., Eswaran, H., Asawalam, D.O., and Ano, A.O. 2010. Characterization of two benchmark soils of contrasting parent materials in Abia State, Southeastern Nigeria. Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences Vol 16, No. (1): 23-29.
  10. Cerda A., 2002. The effect of season and parent material on water erosion on highly eroded soils in eastern Spain. Journal of Arid Environments (2002) 52, 319–337 doi:10.1006/jare.2002.1009, available online at http://www.idealibrary.com.
  11. Craswell, E.T., Sajjapongse, A., Howlett, D.J.B., Dowling, A.J., 1998. Agroforestry in the management of sloping lands in Asia and the Pacific. Agrofor. Syst. 38, 121–137.
  12. Dangler, E. W., El-Swaify, S.A, Ahuja, L.R and Barnett A.P., 1976. Erodibility of selected Hawaiian soils by rain-fall simulation. ARS W-35.
  13. Danielsen, F., Schumacher, T.,1997. The importance of Tigapulyh Hills, Southern Riau, Indonesia, to biodiversity conservation. Tropical Biodiversity 4, 129–159.
  14. Duvert, C., Gratiot, N., Evrard, O., Navratil, O., Némery, J., Prat, C., Esteves, M., 2010. Drivers of erosion and suspended sediment transport in three headwater catchments of the Mexican central highlands. Geomorphology. 123, 243–256.
  15. Eshett, E. L., Omueti, J. A. And Juo, A. S. R., 1985. Soil Chemical Properties and Mineralogy in relation to Southeastern Nigeria. Journal. Agric. Sci., 12:377 – 386.
  16. Feng-Ling Y., Zhi-Hua SH., Chong-Fa C., Zhao-Xia L., 2010, Wetting rate and clay content effects on interrill erosion in ultisols of southeastern China. Pedosphere, 20: 129–136.
  17. Gee, G.W., and Or D., 2002. Particle Size analysis. In Methods of soil analysis. Dane .D.J., and G.C Topps (Eds.). Part 4.Physical methods. Soil Science Society of America Book Series No. 5, ASA and SSSA. Madison, W.I., 225-293.
  18. Goldman, S.J., K.T., Jackson, and Bursztynsky, P.E., 1986.Erosion and sediment control hand book. (Zseleczky, J., and Fleck, G.H., Eds.), MC Graw-Hill, Inc, USA. 1.1-1.7.
  19. Grismer M.E., and Davis U.C. 2012. Standards vary in studies using rainfall simulators to evaluate erosion. California Agriculture 66(3):102-107. DOI: 10.3733/ca.v066n03p102.
  20. Grossman, R.B. and Reinsch, T.G., 2002. Bulk density and linear extensibility. In: Dane, J.H. and Topp, G.C. (Eds.). Methods of the Soil Analysis part 4. Physical methods. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Book Series No.5, ASA and SSSA, Madison, WI. 201-228.
  21. Hartano, H., Prabhu, R., Widayat, A.S.E., Chay, A., 2003. Factors affecting runoff and soil erosion: plot-level soil loss monitoring for assessing the sustainability of forest management. Forest Ecology and Management. 180, 361–374.
  22. Hendershot, W.H., H., Lalande, and M., Duquette 1993. Soil reaction and exchangeable acidity, In Soil sampling and methods of soil analysis (Carter M.R., Ed.), Canadian Soc. Soil Sci. Lewis Publishers, London,141-145.
  23. Hopmans, P., Flinn, D.W., Farrell, P.W., 1987. Nutrient dynamics of forested catchments in Southern Australia and changes in water quality and nutrient exports following clearing. Forest Ecology and Management 20,209–231.
  24. Ibeanu A.M and Umeji O.P 2003 Aspects of the Palaeoecology of Okigwe Cuesta, eastern Nigeria. African Journal Archaeology 31(1), 17-30.
  25. Igwe, C.A. (2003). Soil degradation response to soil factors in central Eastern Nigeria. Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference of Soil Science of Nigeria at Nutional Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike Umuahia, Nigeria, 228-234.
  26. Igwe C.A. (2000). Runoff, sediment yield and erodibility characteristics of some soils of eastern central Nigeria under simulated rainfall. International Agrophysics, 2000, 14, 57-65.
  27. Igwe C .A, Akamigbo F .O. R and Mbagwu J .S. C., 1995. Physical properties of soils of southeastern Nigeria and the role of some aggregating agents in their stability; Soil Sci. 160 431–441.
  28. IITA (1982). Automated and –semi-automated methods for soil and plant analysis. In: D.A.Tel and P.V. Raolеds manual series 7.
  29. Jakab G, Szalai Z 2005. Erodibility measurements in the Tetves catchment using rainfall simulator. Tájökológiai Lapok. Hungarian Journal of Landscape Ecology 3(1), pp.,177– 189.
  30. Jungerius, P. D.; Levellt, T. W.,1964. Clay mineralogy of soils over sedimentary rocks in Eastern Nigeria. Soil Sci., 97 (2), 89-95.
  31. Kuhn N.J., Bryan R.B. 2004. Drying, soil surface condition and interrill erosion on two Ontario soils. Catena, 57: 113–133.
  32. Lal R. 2009. Soil erosion and sediment transport research in tropical Africa, Hydrological Sciences Journal, 30:2, 239-256, DOI: 10.1080/02626668509490987.
  33. Landon, J.R., 1991.Booker tropical soil manual: A handbook for soil Surveyors and agricultural land evaluation in the tropics.Paperback edition, Long man Scientific and Technical .U.K. 79-149.
  34. Menzel, R.G., (1980). Enrichment ratios for water quality modeling. In: W.G.Knisel (Eds.), CREAMS: A Field Scale Model for Che.micals, Runoff, and Erosion from Agricultural Management Systems. U.S. Dep. Agric. Conserv., Res, Rep. No. 26, 486-492.
  35. Meyer, L. D. and Harmon. W. C. 1979. Multiple intensity rainfall simulators for erosion research on row side slopes. Trans. ASAE (Am. Soc Agric Eng. 22: 100-103.
  36. Mananu P.C (1975a): Rainfall in G.E.K Ofomata (Ed.) Nigeria in Maps: Eastern States. Ethiope Publ. Benin, Nigeria. Pp. 25- 26
  37. Mananu P.C (1975b); Temperature and sunshine in G.E.K Ofomata (Ed.) Nigeria in Maps: Eastern States. Ethiope Publ. Benin, Nigeria. Pp. 16-18
  38. Nelson, D.N., and Sommers L.E.(1982).Total Carbon, organic carbon and matter In: Methods of soil analysis part 2.( Page A.L., R.H., Miller, and D.K., Keeney Eds.).Amer. Soc. Agron. D.M.Madison, W.I. 539-579.
  39. Ofomata, G.E.K (Ed.) (1975).Soils. In: Ofomata, G.E.K: Nigeria in Maps Eastern States. Mid West Mass Communication Corporation, Benin City, Nigeria. 30-32.
  40. Olson, K.R., Lal, R., Norton, L.D., (2011). Assessment of methods of study soil erosion productivity relation-ships — Journal of Soil and Water Conservation.49, 586–590.
  41. Orajaka, S.O. 1975: Geology. In: Nigeria in Maps Eastern States (G.E.K. Ofomata, ed.). Ethiope Publishers. Benin City Nigeria, 5-7.
  42. Osuji .G.E 2001. Effect of Raindrop size and impact on soil splash. Soil and Erosion Research. 5 : 73-77
  43. Osuji, G.E. 1985, Runoff, Soil and nutrient losses from a tropical Alfisol under different legume crops. In: Soil Fertility, soil tilth and post clearing land degradation in the Humid tropics. Proceedings International Society of Soil Science. Commissions and VII 348-356.
  44. Pimentel D., E. Alberts and Laflen J. M., 1995. Environmental and economic costs of soil erosion and conservation benefits. Science 267, 1117–1123.
  45. Smyth, A.J., and R.J. Montgomery. 1962. Soils and land use in central western Nigeria, Ist Ed., Government Western Nigeria Press. Ibadan, Nigeria. 265-265.
  46. Zhang M.K., Wang L.P., He Z.L. 2007. Spatial and temporal variation of nitrogen exported by runoff from sandy agricultural soils. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 19, 1086–1092.
How to Cite

L.C, A., & C.A, I. (2019). Sediment Yield, Detachment, and Runoff from Soil Under Selected Parent Materials in Southeastern Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Soil Science, 29(1), 35-44. https://doi.org/10.67042/njss.2019.8zd33969

A. L.C, and I. C.A, "Sediment Yield, Detachment, and Runoff from Soil Under Selected Parent Materials in Southeastern Nigeria," Nigerian Journal of Soil Science, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 35-44, April 2019. doi: 10.67042/njss.2019.8zd33969

Share this article:
Facebook X / Twitter LinkedIn